Una relativa explicativa añade información extra que no hace falta para identificar el sustantivo: es un inciso, como un paréntesis. Si la quitas, la frase sigue teniendo sentido. Por eso va siempre entre comas: My sister, who lives in London, is a doctor (ya sé de qué hermana hablo; lo de Londres es un extra). Dos reglas de oro: nunca uses *that* aquí (solo who/which) y nunca omitas el relativo.
Oraciones de Relativo Explicativas en inglés
Una relativa explicativa añade información extra que no hace falta para identificar el sustantivo: es un inciso, como un paréntesis. Si la quitas, la frase…
Practica Oraciones de Relativo Explicativas
Tres bloques por nivel. Responde, corrige y aprende de tus fallos con la explicación de cada pregunta. Gratis, sin límite.
Bloque 1 · Básico
A2-B1My sister, _____ is a dentist, lives in Edinburgh.
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1. My sister, _____ is a dentist, lives in Edinburgh.
thatwhichwhoEn cláusulas no definitorias (con comas), se usa "who" para personas. No se usa "that".
2. Our office, _____ is on the fifth floor, has a beautiful view.
whothatwhich"Which" para cosas en cláusulas no definitorias con comas.
3. The Eiffel Tower, _____ is in Paris, was built in 1889.
whothatwhichEn cláusulas no definitorias, se usa "which" para cosas. Nunca "that".
4. My neighbour, _____ dog barks all night, has agreed to get training.
whowhichwhose"Whose" = cuyo/a. Indica posesión en cláusulas no definitorias.
5. Her father, _____ works as a pilot, travels all over the world.
thatwhichwho"Who" para personas en cláusulas no definitorias. Nunca "that" con comas.
6. The Thames, _____ flows through London, is over 300 kilometres long.
whothatwhich"Which" para cosas. Cláusula no definitoria añade información extra.
7. My best friend, _____ parents are from Italy, speaks three languages.
whowhichwhose"Whose" para posesión: whose parents = cuyos padres.
8. Professor Clarke, _____ I studied with at university, has just retired.
thatwhichwho"Who" para personas. En no definitorias nunca se usa "that".
Bloque 2 · Intermedio
B1-B2She decided to resign, _____ was a shock to her colleagues.
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1. She decided to resign, _____ was a shock to her colleagues.
thatwhowhich"Which" se refiere a toda la acción de dimitir, no solo a una palabra.
2. He failed the driving test, _____ meant he had to take it again.
thatwhatwhich"Which" referido a toda la acción anterior de suspender el examen.
3. She speaks perfect French, _____ is useful in her diplomatic role.
whatthatwhich"Which" referido a hablar francés perfectamente.
4. The team won the championship, _____ had not been expected.
thatwhatwhich"Which" referido a toda la cláusula anterior: ganar el campeonato.
5. He arrived late for the interview, _____ made a very bad impression.
thatwhatwhich"Which" se refiere a llegar tarde (toda la acción), no a una palabra.
6. He passed all his exams, _____ surprised everyone.
whothatwhich"Which" puede referirse a toda una oración anterior: passed exams, which surprised everyone.
7. The restaurant was fully booked, _____ meant we had to go elsewhere.
whatthatwhich"Which" referido a la situación completa: estar completo.
Bloque 3 · Avanzado
B2-C1The results, _____ were far better than anticipated, pleased the board.
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1. The results, _____ were far better than anticipated, pleased the board.
whatthatwhich"Which" en no definitoria formal. C2 por la complejidad del contexto y registro.
2. The professor, _____ work has been cited over a thousand times, gave the lecture.
whowhichwhose"Whose" en registro académico formal: whose work = cuyo trabajo.
3. The treaty, _____ all member states have agreed, takes effect next year.
by whichfor whichto which"To which" = al cual: agree to → the treaty to which they agreed.
4. The building, _____ she was enormously proud, won an architecture award.
for whichby whichof which"Of which" = del cual: proud of → of which she was proud.
5. The bridge, the construction _____ took three years, finally opened.
of thatfor whichof which"Of which" = de la cual: the construction of which = cuya construcción.
6. The funding was approved, _____ the project could not have continued.
without thatwithout whowithout which"Without which" = sin lo cual. Estructura formal en no definitorias.
7. The scheme, the merits _____ have been widely debated, will be reviewed.
by whichfor whichof which"Of which" = cuyos: the merits of which = los méritos de lo cual.
8. The report, _____ we referred earlier, contains all the relevant data.
at whichfor whichto which"To which" = al cual: refer to → the report to which we referred.
9. She might not pass the exam, _____ she would have to retake the course.
at which casefor which casein which case"In which case" = en cuyo caso. Expresión formal condicional.
10. The summit concluded, _____ point the delegates issued a joint statement.
for whichin whichat which"At which point" = en cuyo momento. Expresión formal narrativa.
11. The legislation, _____ implications were far-reaching, was debated for months.
whichwhowhose"Whose" para posesión con cosas en registro formal: whose implications.
Sigue con Oraciones de Relativo
Lo que suele entrar junto a esto en el examen.
Todas las lecciones de gramáticaSaber la regla es fácil. Aprobar el Aptis es otra cosa.
Esto es solo la gramática. En Aptis Academia tienes tu plan de estudio a tu fecha de examen, simulacros con estimación orientativa del nivel por destreza, corrección de writing y speaking por profesores y el seguimiento de tus fallos para no repetirlos.