Verbos ModalesNivel B2-C245 preguntas para practicar

Expresiones de Probabilidad y Obligación en inglés

Más allá de may y might, el inglés de nivel alto gradúa la probabilidad y la obligación con expresiones más finas, muy valoradas en el Writing. Para lo casi…

Más allá de may y might, el inglés de nivel alto gradúa la probabilidad y la obligación con expresiones más finas, muy valoradas en el Writing. Para lo casi seguro, be bound to o be likely to (She is likely to win); para lo probable, probably. Casi todas comparten el molde be + adjetivo + to + infinitivo. La ventaja es que te sacan del maybe repetido y te dan matices precisos de cuánto de seguro está algo.

Escala de probabilidad

be bound to = casi seguro: He's bound to pass.

be likely to ≈ probable · probably = probable pero menos seguro.

Molde: be + adjetivo + to + infinitivo: likely to rain.

Escala aproximada: bound to ≈ 80% · likely to ≈ 60% · probably ≈ 40%.

Liable vs responsible

ENliable to + verb also = likely to: This weather is liable to make people stay home.

ESliable to + verbo también significa likely to: This weather is liable to make people stay home.

ENliable to = prone to / legally answerable (negative leaning): liable to break.

ESliable to = propenso a / responsable legal (tono negativo): liable to break.

ENresponsible = in charge (neutral/positive): responsible for the team.

ESresponsible = a cargo (neutral/positivo): responsible for the team.

El error típico del hispanohablante

Llevan to + infinitivo, no "that": likely to win, no "likely that win".

Practica Expresiones de Probabilidad y Obligación

Tres bloques por nivel. Responde, corrige y aprende de tus fallos con la explicación de cada pregunta. Gratis, sin límite.

Bloque 1 · Básico

A2-B1

1/15

I _____ remember to call the GP. I've been meaning to book an appointment.

Ver las 15 con su explicación+

1. I _____ remember to call the GP. I've been meaning to book an appointment.
shouldhave tomust
Must para obligación personal/interna: debo acordarme.
2. She _____ eat more fruit and vegetables.
hasmustshould
Should para recomendación: debería comer más fruta.
3. Students _____ not use their phones during the exam.
canmightmay
May not para prohibición formal: no está permitido.
4. You _____ try the fish and chips here. They're the best on the high street.
mustmayshould
Should para recomendación personal: deberías probar.
5. You _____ to apologise. You were wrong.
haveshouldought
Ought to + infinitivo: sinónimo más formal de should.
6. She _____ finish the essay by Friday. The deadline is strict.
must tohave tohas to
Has to para obligación externa (fecha límite fijada por otro).
7. She really _____ to be more careful with her spending.
shouldhasought
Ought to: debería. Ligeramente más fuerte/formal que should.
8. You _____ touch that. It's very hot!
don't have tohaven't tomustn't
Mustn't para prohibición: no debes tocarlo, es peligroso.
9. The weather forecast says it _____ be sunny this weekend.
mustwillshould
Should para expectativa basada en información: se espera que haga sol.
10. We _____ go to the cinema tonight. I'll check the listings.
mustcanmight
Might para planes tentativos: puede que vayamos.
11. She said she _____ not be able to attend the meeting.
maywillmight
Might en reported speech (backshift de may): dijo que quizás no pudiera.
12. _____ I take a jacket? It might be cold later.
MustWillShould
Should I...? para pedir consejo: ¿debería llevar chaqueta?
13. The parcel _____ arrive today or tomorrow.
canmustmight
Might para algo posible pero incierto.
14. She _____ come to the party. She hasn't decided yet.
willmustmight
Might para posibilidad: puede que venga, pero no es seguro.
15. Take an umbrella. It _____ rain later.
willcanmay
May para posibilidad: puede que llueva (no es seguro).

Bloque 2 · Intermedio

B1-B2

1/15

He _____ have taken the job when it was offered. It was a great opportunity.

Ver las 15 con su explicación+

1. He _____ have taken the job when it was offered. It was a great opportunity.
mustwouldshould
Should have + participio: lamento por una oportunidad perdida.
2. She _____ be at home. All the lights are on.
maycouldmust
Must para deducción lógica con alta certeza: seguro que está en casa.
3. He _____ have forgotten about the meeting. He's never late.
mightcouldmust
Must have + participio: deducción sobre el pasado con alta certeza.
4. She _____ have missed the train. That would explain why she's late.
willcanmay
May have + participio: deducción sobre el pasado (posibilidad).
5. You _____ have seen the look on his face! It was priceless.
wouldmustshould
Should have + participio: lástima que no lo vieras (recomendación retroactiva).
6. You _____ have seen the new exhibition at the Tate. It's incredible.
shouldmightmust
Must have + participio expresa una deducción segura sobre el pasado: el hablante da por hecho que ocurrió ("you must have seen it"). Should have implicaría que era recomendable pero no sucedió, y might have expresa mera posibilidad, demasiado débil para la certeza que sugiere el contexto.
7. He _____ have left already. His coat is still here.
won'tmustn'tcan't
Can't have + participio: deducción negativa sobre el pasado.
8. You _____ have told me earlier! I could have helped.
wouldmustshould
Should have + participio: crítica/reproche sobre el pasado.
9. I _____ have revised more. I didn't do well in the exam.
couldmustshould
Should have + participio: arrepentimiento sobre el pasado.
10. The experiment _____ not have produced accurate results due to contamination.
canwillmay
May not have + participio: posibilidad de que los resultados no fueran precisos.
11. That _____ be right. The figures don't add up.
mustn'tshouldn'tcan't
Can't para deducción negativa con certeza: imposible que sea correcto.
12. They _____ have arrived by now. The flight landed two hours ago.
mustcouldshould
Should have + participio para expectativa sobre el pasado: deberían haber llegado ya.
13. He _____ have been working late. There were lights on in his office.
willshallmight
Might have been + -ing: posibilidad sobre una acción continua pasada.
14. She _____ have checked the timetable before going to the station.
mustmayought to
Ought to have + participio: reproche formal por algo no hecho.
15. They _____ have got lost. They don't know the area very well.
willshallmay
May have + participio: hipótesis sobre lo que ha podido pasar.

Bloque 3 · Avanzado

B2-C1

1/15

She _____ well be the best candidate for the role.

Ver las 15 con su explicación+

1. She _____ well be the best candidate for the role.
canmightmay
"May well" para posibilidad bastante probable. Registro formal.
2. Unlikely as it _____ seem, the theory has gained considerable support.
canwillmay
"Unlikely as it may seem" = por improbable que parezca. Registro formal.
3. You _____ have been working there long to know how chaotic it is.
mustn'tcan'tneedn't
Needn't have been + -ing: no necesitabas haber trabajado mucho tiempo para notarlo.
4. Try as you _____, you won't convince him to change his mind.
willmaymight
"Try as you might" = por mucho que lo intentes. Expresión enfática.
5. Should the situation _____, we will take immediate action.
deteriorateddeterioratingdeteriorate
Inversión condicional formal: Should + sujeto + infinitivo = If the situation should deteriorate.
6. Should you _____ any assistance, please do not hesitate to contact us.
requiredrequiringrequire
Should + sujeto + infinitivo: inversión formal = If you should require.
7. The policy _____ well have contributed to the rise in unemployment.
couldmightmay
"May well have" + participio: posibilidad considerada probable en el pasado.
8. You _____ to submit the form in person. Online submissions are accepted.
mustn'tcan'tdon't need
Don't need to = no es necesario. Alternativa formal a don't have to.
9. The committee recommends that the proposal _____ be reviewed before approval.
mustwillshould
Should en recomendación formal: subjuntivo con should.
10. I _____ have thought the council would prioritise road safety.
mustwouldshould
"I should have thought" = habría esperado/creído. Uso enfático.
11. She didn't _____ to explain. We already understood the situation.
musthaveneed
Didn't need to: no era necesario (y probablemente no lo hizo).
12. She _____ supposed to start at nine, but she often arrives late.
musthasis
Be supposed to para obligaciones/expectativas que no siempre se cumplen.
13. You needn't _____ brought food. There was plenty at the party.
to havehavinghave
Needn't have + participio: hiciste algo innecesario (trajiste comida pero no hacía falta).
14. You _____ as well take the day off. There's nothing urgent to do.
canmaymight
"Might as well" = no hay razón para no hacerlo. Expresión coloquial.
15. All staff _____ to comply with the new health and safety regulations.
have mustmust toare required
Be required to: obligación formal. Alternativa a must en registro oficial.

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